Polish Socialist Party – Left also known as Young Faction (Polish: Polska Partia Socjalistyczna – Lewica, – Młodzi, or PPS–L) was one of two factions into which Polish Socialist Party divided itself in 1906. Its primary goal was transform Poland into a socialist country, established through proletarian revolution, and likely a member of some international communist country.
Its opposition was the Polish Socialist Party - Revolution Faction (also known as Old Faction – Starzy) which wanted to restore independent Poland, which was envisioned as a representative democracy.
PPS–L for a time gathered most of the former PPS members, but with the failure of the Russian Revolution of 1905 and corresponding revolution in the Kingdom of Poland (1905-1907), it has lost popularity. In 1909 PPS–FR renamed itself back to Polska Partia Socjalistyczna (Polish Socialist Party); the increasingly marginal PPS–L – opposing the First World War and supporting the Russian revolution of 1917 – eventually merged with Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania in 1918 to form the Communist Party of Poland.
Activists of PPS–L: Maria Koszutska, Stefan Królikowski, Paweł Lewinson, Henryk Walecki.
PPS–L was recreated in 1926 by PPS activists who opposed PPS involvement with Józef Piłsudski (particularly in the aftermath of his May Coup. It was delegalized in 1931.